{"id":11854,"date":"2025-03-27T21:04:33","date_gmt":"2025-03-27T21:04:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/?p=11854"},"modified":"2025-04-22T19:47:38","modified_gmt":"2025-04-22T18:47:38","slug":"stumped-over-the-stump-the-human-prosthesis-interface-challenge","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/2025\/03\/27\/stumped-over-the-stump-the-human-prosthesis-interface-challenge\/","title":{"rendered":"STUMPED OVER THE STUMP &#8211; the human-prosthesis interface challenge"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>During our lecture on external prosthetics, I learned 30% of amputees fail to achieve ambulation (walk without assistance), which left me unsettled and shocked.<\/strong> <strong>Especially as over summer, I watched many amazing events at the Paris Paralympics. Whilst it may be fair to say I don&#8217;t expect every person to become an athlete, being able to walk again was not something I anticipated almost a staggering 1\/3 of patients are unable to achieve after amputation.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1179\" height=\"1448\" src=\"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/529\/2025\/03\/paralympics-me.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12389\" srcset=\"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/529\/2025\/03\/paralympics-me.jpg 1179w, https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/529\/2025\/03\/paralympics-me-244x300.jpg 244w, https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/529\/2025\/03\/paralympics-me-768x943.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1179px) 100vw, 1179px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1178\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/529\/2025\/03\/IMG_9796.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12390\" srcset=\"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/529\/2025\/03\/IMG_9796.jpg 1178w, https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/529\/2025\/03\/IMG_9796-300x153.jpg 300w, https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/529\/2025\/03\/IMG_9796-768x391.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1178px) 100vw, 1178px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>Images of me at the Paris Paralympics 2024<\/summary>\n<p><\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">But WHY?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Upon further research, I discovered one of the biggest causes is the uncomfortable, long recovery needed (see video) &#8211; pushing through discomfort, pain, fatigue &#8211; rooted mostly at the stump-socket (or human-prosthesis) interface. This is the &#8216;unseen&#8217; side, behind the gold medals I saw growing up on television.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-vimeo wp-block-embed-vimeo wp-embed-aspect-9-16 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"UOSM2031 blog\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/1070015301?h=06729b8692&amp;dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"422\" height=\"750\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture; clipboard-write; encrypted-media\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Music credits: Always, Rook1e. Brief video on some of the symptoms suffered by amputees. Made on InShot.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The stump-socket interface has left scientists truly stumped and is one of the biggest challenges in field of prosthetics today. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"623\" height=\"477\" src=\"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/529\/2025\/03\/minifig-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12398\" style=\"width:392px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/529\/2025\/03\/minifig-1.png 623w, https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/529\/2025\/03\/minifig-1-300x230.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 623px) 100vw, 623px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Image made on Canva. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I interviewed a former colleague, an amputee, who shared how they don&#8217;t use prosthetics for this very reason, as they feel the pain and damage, additional to initial recovery, is not worth it. This was a valuable alternative perspective and showed me the importance of considering not just the hard work that needed from those creating and fitting the prosthetics, but the patients too.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"824\" height=\"945\" src=\"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/529\/2025\/03\/Screenshot-2025-03-24-at-13.20.51.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12662\" style=\"width:513px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/529\/2025\/03\/Screenshot-2025-03-24-at-13.20.51.png 824w, https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/529\/2025\/03\/Screenshot-2025-03-24-at-13.20.51-262x300.png 262w, https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/529\/2025\/03\/Screenshot-2025-03-24-at-13.20.51-768x881.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 824px) 100vw, 824px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Transcript of interview with an Upper Limb Amputee, who would like to remain anonymous in this post.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Current efforts to tackle this challenge<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>However, this is an area being worked on continuously by a wide range of people. Researching into the sheer variety of upcoming, innovative &#8216;solutions&#8217;, has given me a sense of hope that the lives of amputees can be improved and ambulation figures can be drastically increased.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Paralympic Mike Schultz Talks Engineering His Own Prosthetic Leg\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/3Annd6zAFxo?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">An example I feel is outstanding of someone working in this field &#8211; Mark Schutlz, a selfless gold medalist who designed a prosthetic for him and other athletes competing against him.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I discovered the 2 key elements to tackling this &#8211; the stump and socket &#8211; with methods targeting one or both. Below is a mind map of the techniques I feel are most significant currently, why and how I think they could be made better to encourage amputees to give prosthetics a go, and improve their experience.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2880\" height=\"1800\" src=\"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/529\/2025\/03\/mindmap-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12660\" srcset=\"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/529\/2025\/03\/mindmap-2.png 2880w, https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/529\/2025\/03\/mindmap-2-300x188.png 300w, https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/529\/2025\/03\/mindmap-2-768x480.png 768w, https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/529\/2025\/03\/mindmap-2-1536x960.png 1536w, https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/529\/2025\/03\/mindmap-2-2048x1280.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2880px) 100vw, 2880px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Made on Canva. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote\"><blockquote><p><strong>&#8216;The challenge to the prosthetist lays in&nbsp;designing a socket that balances suspension, support, stability, and corresponding contact pressures, all while accommodating the individual&#8217;s unique anatomy and locations on the limb to which interfacial pressures are being distributed&#8217;<\/strong><\/p><cite>Advances in the measurement of prosthetic socket interface mechanics.<br>Young PR et al.<\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">My concluding thoughts&#8230;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Through considering different view and elements of this challenge, I find myself constantly coming back to the fact 1\/3 fail to achieve ambulation, despite new innovating techniques and developing aids. I have also found this problem is much more sinister, with some studies linking a failure of ambulation to morality. Medical conditions and other factors can also limit an amputees return to walking. However I feel improving prosthetics, by coming up with a range of solutions for different patients (as clearly one size doesn&#8217;t fit all) &#8211; more amputees could be given a fair chance at taking steps back to normality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">And yours&#8230;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Now I&#8217;ve shared my opinion, it&#8217;s time to share yours! <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-crowdsignal wp-block-embed-crowdsignal\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<script>var pd_tags = new Array;pd_tags[\"15222437-src\"]=\"poll-oembed-simple\";<\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\" charset=\"utf-8\" src=\"https:\/\/secure.polldaddy.com\/p\/15222437.js\"><\/script><noscript><iframe title=\"What do you think new, innovative designs should focus on? ????\" src=\"https:\/\/poll.fm\/15222437\/embed\" frameborder=\"0\" class=\"cs-iframe-embed\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>References:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10257952\/#:~:text=Above%2Dknee%20amputations%20(AKA),in%20five%20years%20%5B13%5D.\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10257952\/#:~:text=Above%2Dknee%20amputations%20(AKA),in%20five%20years%20%5B13%5D<\/a> &#8211; Amputation and Morality.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/amputation\">https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/amputation<\/a> &#8211; NHS amputation information.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC11272479\/\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC11272479\/<\/a> &#8211; PTB and TSB sockets.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/Emotional_and_Psychological_Reactions_to_Amputation\">https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/Emotional_and_Psychological_Reactions_to_Amputation<\/a> &#8211; Common issues amputees face.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8189153\/\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8189153\/<\/a> &#8211; Psychological consequences. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>During our lecture on external prosthetics, I learned 30% of amputees fail to achieve ambulation (walk without assistance), which left me unsettled and shocked. Especially as over summer, I watched many amazing events at the Paris Paralympics. Whilst it may be fair to say I don&#8217;t expect every person to become an athlete, being able [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6848,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,3],"tags":[26,189],"class_list":["post-11854","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-assessed-item-1","category-assessed-item-2","tag-assessed-item-1","tag-uosm2031"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11854","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6848"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11854"}],"version-history":[{"count":93,"href":"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11854\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13010,"href":"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11854\/revisions\/13010"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11854"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11854"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/uosm2031-2025\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11854"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}