Professor Alberto Naveira Garabato has recent published a paper, together with colleagues fro Aix-Marseille Université, Université de Toulon, National Oceanography Centre and British Antarctic Survey,  in Geophysical Research Letters. The paper assess ocean circulation in the Weddell Gyre. The paper can be read here and the abstract is below.
Abstract: The thermodynamic balance of the Weddell Gyre is assessed from an inverse estimate of the circulation across the gyreâs rim. The gyre experiences a weak net buoyancy gain that arises from a leading-order cancelation between two opposing contributions, linked to two cells of water mass transformation and diapycnal overturning. The lower cell involves a cooling-driven densification of 8.4 ± 2.0 Sv of Circumpolar Deep Water and Antarctic Bottom Water near the gyreâs southern and western margins. The upper cell entails a freshening-driven conversion of 4.9 ± 2.0 Sv of Circumpolar Deep Water into lighter upper ocean waters within the gyre interior. The distinct role of salinity between the two cells stems from opposing salinity changes induced by sea ice production, meteoric sources, and admixture of fresh upper ocean waters in the lower cell, which contrasts with coherent reductions in salinity associated with sea ice melting and meteoric sources in the upper cell.