{"id":1308,"date":"2018-07-06T18:59:29","date_gmt":"2018-07-06T18:59:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.efolio.soton.ac.uk\/blog\/discoveroceanography\/?page_id=1308"},"modified":"2019-06-08T12:43:51","modified_gmt":"2019-06-08T11:43:51","slug":"marine-identification","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/discoveroceanography\/for-students\/lessons\/marine-identification\/","title":{"rendered":"Marine Identification"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-313  alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/discoveroceanography\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/335\/2016\/01\/taxonomy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"118\" height=\"142\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Taxonomy<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips52'>Species<\/span> must be named for us to be able to talk about them and write about them. If everyone was allowed to name a new <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips52'>Species<\/span> whatever they liked when they liked the whole system would be chaos. Which is exactly what happened in the scientific community before Carolus Linnaeus invented binomial nomenclature in 1758.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Binomial nomenclature<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This system gives every <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips52'>Species<\/span> two names: a\u00a0<em>genus<\/em>\u00a0and a\u00a0<em><span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips52'>Species<\/span><\/em>\u00a0name.\u00a0 A Genus is a group of closely related <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips52'>Species<\/span>.\u00a0This is similar to your first and surname. Your first name e.g. \u00a0John is your <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips52'>Species<\/span> name and your surname e.g. \u00a0Smith is the genus you belong to in this example your family.<\/p>\n<p>There are rules about how you spell scientific names as well. The genus is always capitalised and the <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips52'>Species<\/span> name is always lower case. The genus and <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips52'>Species<\/span> names are always written in\u00a0<em>Italics<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Take human beings for example:<\/p>\n<p>Human beings are\u00a0<em>Homo\u00a0<\/em>(Genus)\u00a0<em>sapiens\u00a0<\/em>(<span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips52'>Species<\/span>)<\/p>\n<p>This is the very bottom of the classification system, and the section you will be most familiar with.\u00a0The whole system goes like this:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-316 size-medium alignright\" src=\"http:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/discoveroceanography\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/335\/2016\/01\/KPC-300x74.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"74\" srcset=\"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/discoveroceanography\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/335\/2016\/01\/KPC-300x74.png 300w, https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/discoveroceanography\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/335\/2016\/01\/KPC.png 361w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Kingdom<\/li>\n<li>Phylum<\/li>\n<li>Class<\/li>\n<li>Order<\/li>\n<li>Family<\/li>\n<li>Genus<\/li>\n<li><span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips52'>Species<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Let\u2019s look at the classification for Human beings\u00a0<em>Homo sapiens<\/em>, and compare it to that of a Blue Whale<\/p>\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-23\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"23\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p>Try it for yourself and complete the classification for a starfish:<\/p>\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-9\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"9\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips0','The variable that is changed or controlled in a scientific experiment to test the effects on\u00a0the dependent variable.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips20','The branch of science that deals with the physical and biological properties and phenomena of the sea.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips52','A group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding. The <span class='tooltipsall tooltipsincontent classtoolTips52'>Species<\/span> is the principal natural taxonomic unit, ranking below a genus and denoted by a Latin binomial, e.g.\u00a0<i>Homo sapiens<\/i>.'); <\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> toolTips('.classtoolTips71','A very large expanse of sea, in particular each of the main areas into which the sea is divided geographically.'); <\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Taxonomy Species must be named for us to be able to talk about them and write about them. If everyone was allowed to name a new Species whatever they liked when they liked the whole system would be chaos. Which is exactly what happened in the scientific community before Carolus &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3738,"featured_media":1486,"parent":1107,"menu_order":9,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1308","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/discoveroceanography\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1308","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/discoveroceanography\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/discoveroceanography\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/discoveroceanography\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3738"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/discoveroceanography\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1308"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/discoveroceanography\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1308\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1722,"href":"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/discoveroceanography\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1308\/revisions\/1722"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/discoveroceanography\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1107"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/discoveroceanography\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1486"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/discoveroceanography\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1308"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}