{"id":8367,"date":"2023-11-01T15:44:18","date_gmt":"2023-11-01T15:44:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/?page_id=8367"},"modified":"2024-01-17T10:52:33","modified_gmt":"2024-01-17T10:52:33","slug":"blackboard-accessibility-remediation-station","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/technologies\/blackboard-accessibility-remediation-station\/","title":{"rendered":"Blackboard Remediation Station"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Using <a href=\"https:\/\/elearn.soton.ac.uk\/knowledge-base\/bb-accessibility\/\">Blackboard Ally<\/a>, it is easy to identify and fix accessibility issues. Especially when following the guidence within the remediation panel to resolving accessibility issues. Whether the issue is colour contrast, missing alternative text or requiring a heading structure, the guidence here at the remediation station will help you remediate some of the most common accessibility issues.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Skip to the good bit! <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/?page_id=8367#AC-1\">The document has contrast issues.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/?page_id=8367#AC-2\">The document contains images without a description.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/?page_id=8367#AC-3\">The document does not have a language set.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/?page_id=8367#AC-4\">The document is untagged.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/?page_id=8367#AC-5\">The document does not have any headings.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/?page_id=8367#AC-6\">The document is missing a title.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/?page_id=8367#AC-7\">The image does not have a description.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/?page_id=8367#AC-8\">The document has tables that don&#8217;t have any headers.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/?page_id=8367#AC-9\">The document is scanned but not OCRed.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/?page_id=8367#AC-10\">The HTML content contains text with insufficient contrast.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Getting started (5 minutes)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Blackboard accessibility is easy to get to grips with! Significantly, the Blackboard Accessibility Summary<strong> <\/strong>and the Accessible File Indicators are the main routes to identifying and fixing accessibility issues. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"755\" height=\"425\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/h-9enwaQ36Y?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en-GB&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">An introduction to the Blackboard Accessibility Summary <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"755\" height=\"425\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/BGBZpWEgy68?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en-GB&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Introducing you to the Blackboard Accessible File Indicators.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" id=\"AC-1\" style=\"background-color:#fcbc00;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">The document has contrast issues.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fcbd006e;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">Impact of this issue <\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/2023\/04\/27\/text-contrast-made-easy\/\">Colour contrast<\/a> issues are found in documents that contain text with low contrast between the text and its background. This causes the text to be difficult to read, especially for those with visual impairments, poor eyesight or colour blindness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" style=\"background-color:#20fc004f;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">How to fix<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Open the&nbsp;original&nbsp;file in Microsoft 365.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Blackboard accessibility dashboard will show you where the text fragment&nbsp;with&nbsp;insufficient contrast&nbsp;is in this document. Use the preview on the left to help locate it.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select the low contrast text and change the colour. On the&nbsp;<strong>Home<\/strong>&nbsp;tab, select the&nbsp;<strong>Font Colour<\/strong>&nbsp;arrow and choose a colour with more contrast. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Optional: Use a <strong>Colour Contrast Analyser<\/strong>&nbsp;to verify the new colour has at least the AA checks pass, AAA is best<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"755\" height=\"598\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-2-1024x811.png?resize=755%2C598&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Microsoft Word font colour selection option.\" class=\"wp-image-8376\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-2.png?resize=1024%2C811&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-2.png?resize=300%2C238&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-2.png?resize=768%2C608&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-2.png?resize=1536%2C1217&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-2.png?w=1660&amp;ssl=1 1660w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 755px) 100vw, 755px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Repeat these steps for all text with insufficient contrast.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Consider updating the&nbsp;<strong>Style<\/strong>&nbsp;in the&nbsp;<strong>Styles<\/strong>&nbsp;menu if the text uses one of the styles (e.g. Normal, Heading 1) to update all instances.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Save<\/strong>&nbsp;the document and <strong>upload <\/strong>the improved file to Blackboard<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" id=\"AC-2\" style=\"background-color:#fcbc00;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">The document contains images without a description.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fcbd006e;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">Impact of this issue<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These documents contain images that don&#8217;t have a description or alternative text.  As a result people who rely on screen readers or other assistive devices have no mechanism to interpret the image content and purpose. Also, having a clear description for an image can help everyone better understand the context of the image and how it relates to the content.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" style=\"background-color:#20fc004f;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">How to fix<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Open the original file in Microsoft PowerPoint.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>There are <strong>7 images<\/strong> in this presentation that are <strong>missing a description<\/strong>. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use the preview on the left to help locate them.Right-click the image and select <strong>Edit Alt Text&#8230;<\/strong> The <strong>Alt Text<\/strong> panel opens.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/prod-eu-central-1.ally.ac\/static\/MO365PPT_PC01.09c27e16ea2924ab59590817f4d6b912.webp?resize=562%2C455&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Microsoft PowerPoint example with a picture selected and the 'Edit alt-text' option is highlighted.  \" width=\"562\" height=\"455\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Enter a clear description for the image in the <strong>Description<\/strong> box. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>We recommend verifying the description for accuracy when using the <strong>Generate a description for me<\/strong> button.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A description is not required when the image is purely decorative. If this is the case, select the <strong>Mark as decorative<\/strong> tick box.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/prod-eu-central-1.ally.ac\/static\/MO365PPT_PC02.c0258ef3e1c21013fba368e55ebe298a.webp?w=755&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"The Microsoft PowerPoint edit alt-text panel with a illustrative description of Van Gogh Starry Night painting. \" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Repeat these steps for all images in the document. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Save<\/strong> the document.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" id=\"AC-3\" style=\"background-color:#fcbc00;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">The document does not have a language set.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fcbd006e;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">Impact of this issue<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When a document does not have the correct language applied, it cannot be checked against the spelling and grammar rules for that language. An incorrectly-set language will not suggest corrections or enable screen readers to read text in the correct language and accent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" style=\"background-color:#20fc004f;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">How to fix<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Open the original file in <strong>Adobe Acrobat<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select the <strong>File <\/strong>option, and then <strong>Properties<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Navigate to the <strong>Advanced<\/strong> tab. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Change the document language from the <strong>Language <\/strong>drop down option.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Save<\/strong>&nbsp;the document and <strong>upload <\/strong>the improved file to Blackboard.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-3-1024x917.png?resize=504%2C451&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"The document properties menu in Adobe Acrobat. The language settings have been changed to English.\" class=\"wp-image-8377\" width=\"504\" height=\"451\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-3.png?resize=1024%2C917&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-3.png?resize=300%2C269&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-3.png?resize=768%2C688&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-3.png?w=1441&amp;ssl=1 1441w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 504px) 100vw, 504px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" id=\"AC-4\" style=\"background-color:#fcbc00;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">The document is untagged.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fcbd006e;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">Impact of this issue<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Documents are initially made in programs like Word or PowerPoint, then turned into PDFs. Most programs make regular PDFs, not structured ones with hidden tags that define the document&#8217;s structure (e.g., table, heading, paragraph). Without these tags, content can be misunderstood. It takes specialist knowledge to tag a PDF accurately, for this reason, HTML and Office documents<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote has-text-color has-background has-medium-font-size\" style=\"border-width:16px;border-radius:43px;color:#002e3b;background-color:#e1e8ec;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\"><blockquote><p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/gds.blog.gov.uk\/2018\/07\/16\/why-gov-uk-content-should-be-published-in-html-and-not-pdf\/\">We&#8217;re not huge fans of&nbsp;PDFs&nbsp;on GOV.UK.<\/a><\/strong><\/p><cite>Neil Williams, Government Digital Service, 2018<\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" style=\"background-color:#20fc004f;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">How to fix (access to the file) <\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Open the PDF in Microsoft Word 2016.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Click&nbsp;<strong>File<\/strong>&nbsp;from the menu and select&nbsp;<strong>Save as<\/strong>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<strong>Save a copy<\/strong>. Choose where you want to save the file.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Within the&nbsp;<strong>Save As<\/strong>&nbsp;dialog, click the&nbsp;<strong>More options<\/strong>&nbsp;link.<img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/prod-eu-central-1.ally.ac\/static\/MO16WordWindows01.5c436b382a69921fbf9757001b074267.webp?w=755&#038;ssl=1\"><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In the&nbsp;<strong>Save As<\/strong>&nbsp;dialog box, choose&nbsp;<strong>PDF<\/strong>&nbsp;in the&nbsp;<strong>Save as type<\/strong>&nbsp;list.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Click the&nbsp;<strong>Options<\/strong>&nbsp;button in the same dialog box. Make sure the&nbsp;<strong>Document structure tag for accessibility<\/strong>&nbsp;tick box is selected.<img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/prod-eu-central-1.ally.ac\/static\/MO16WordWindows02.74dea03463bce491131e25cf3906ef90.webp?w=755&#038;ssl=1\"><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Click&nbsp;<strong>OK<\/strong>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>Save<\/strong>&nbsp;the PDF.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Upload <\/strong>the improved file to Blackboard.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" style=\"background-color:#20fc004f;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">How to fix (No access to the file)<\/h4>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-4.png?resize=200%2C385&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"The Blackboard accessibility referencing option.  \" class=\"wp-image-8378\" width=\"200\" height=\"385\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Select the <strong>accessible file indicator <\/strong>to open the remediation panel in Blackboard.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select the <strong>How to tag a PDF<\/strong> button. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select <strong>Yes<\/strong> to the &#8216;can you provide a bibliographic reference instead&#8217; question. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Populate the bibliographic information, to references to digital version of the file. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Providing a reference helps to direct students to more accessible formats of the learning resource. Furthermore, it is the publishers responsibility to publish accessible content.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" id=\"AC-5\" style=\"background-color:#fcbc00;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">The document does not have any headings.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fcbd006e;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">Impact of this issue<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A &#8216;heading&#8217; isn&#8217;t always a heading. Headings can provide structure and clarity. This can help students better understand the content and facilitate reading. Do not only use visual appearance such as text size, bold or underline to mimic a heading. Use a program&#8217;s native heading styles to apply headings with the correct tagging.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" style=\"background-color:#20fc004f;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">How to fix<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Open the&nbsp;original file&nbsp;in Microsoft Office.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select the text that should become a heading.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select the&nbsp;<strong>Home<\/strong>&nbsp;tab. In the&nbsp;<strong>Styles<\/strong>&nbsp;group, click the appropriate heading level. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If you don&#8217;t see the heading level you are looking for, click the arrows to browse the full list of preset styles.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Always choose &#8220;Heading 1&#8221; for level 1 headings, &#8220;Heading 2&#8221; for section headings, &#8220;Heading 3&#8221; for subsection headings, etc. &#8220;Normal&#8221; is used for paragraphs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-5.png?resize=552%2C485&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Heading Styles in Microsoft Office. \" class=\"wp-image-8379\" width=\"552\" height=\"485\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-5.png?w=893&amp;ssl=1 893w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-5.png?resize=300%2C264&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-5.png?resize=768%2C675&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 552px) 100vw, 552px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Repeat these steps for all the text that should become headings.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" id=\"AC-6\" style=\"background-color:#fcbc00;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">The document is missing a title.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fcbd006e;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">Impact of this issue<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A PDF title is a more descriptive and meaningful version of the file name. PDF titles are often visible in the PDF window or tab. This visibility makes it easier to distinguish multiple PDFs before diving in and can aid in increasing web discoverability. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" style=\"background-color:#20fc004f;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">How to fix<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Open the original file in Adobe Acrobat.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select the <strong>File <\/strong>option, and then <strong>Properties<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Navigate to the <strong>Description <\/strong>tab. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Add your PDF title to the <strong>Title<\/strong> field, along with any other document metadata you think is important.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Save<\/strong>&nbsp;the document and <strong>upload <\/strong>the improved file to Blackboard.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-6-1024x811.png?resize=639%2C506&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Adding document metadata within Adobe Acrobat.\" class=\"wp-image-8380\" width=\"639\" height=\"506\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-6.png?resize=1024%2C811&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-6.png?resize=300%2C238&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-6.png?resize=768%2C609&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-6.png?w=1050&amp;ssl=1 1050w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 639px) 100vw, 639px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" id=\"AC-7\" style=\"background-color:#fcbc00;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">The image does not have a description.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fcbd006e;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">Impact of this issue<\/h4>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-7.png?resize=280%2C581&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"The add alt-text option within the Blackboard Remediation panel. \" class=\"wp-image-8384\" width=\"280\" height=\"581\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-7.png?w=398&amp;ssl=1 398w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-7.png?resize=145%2C300&amp;ssl=1 145w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 280px) 100vw, 280px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An image description, sometimes referred to as &#8216;alternative description&#8217; or &#8216;alt text&#8217;, is a textual alternative for an image. It makes it easier to connect the image to its context and allows students with visual impairments to perceive the image. Descriptions should be brief and convey the full meaning of the image. They should not be the same as the file name as this is often not descriptive enough.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" style=\"background-color:#20fc004f;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">How to fix<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Select the <strong>accessible file indicator <\/strong>to open the remediation panel in Blackboard.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Add an image description into the <strong>Add image description <\/strong>field. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select <strong>Add<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If the image is purely decorative you mark this as decorative.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select the <strong>Indicate the image is decorative<\/strong> button. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-default\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" id=\"AC-8\" style=\"background-color:#fcbc00;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">The document has tables that don&#8217;t have any headers.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fcbd006e;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">Impact of this issue<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Table headers help readers understand how tables are organised into columns and rows. Avoid using text and cell formatting, such as making the text big or bold to mimic the visual appearance of a table header, as this provides no underlying information about the structure of the table.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" style=\"background-color:#20fc004f;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">How to fix<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Open the file in Microsoft Word.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>There are table(s) in this document that is&nbsp;<strong>missing headers<\/strong>. Use the file preview in the remediation panel to help locate it.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ensure the text in the first row of the table functions as a title and identifies what each column is for. E.g.: Week, Topic, Date and so on.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select the first row of the table by placing your cursor in the first row. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Click on the&nbsp;<strong>Design<\/strong>&nbsp;tab and enable the <strong>Header Row<\/strong>&nbsp;checkbox.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"344\" height=\"195\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-8.png?resize=344%2C195&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Microsoft Word screen capture with the option 'Header Row' being enabled being highlighted.\" class=\"wp-image-8390\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-8.png?w=344&amp;ssl=1 344w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-8.png?resize=300%2C170&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 344px) 100vw, 344px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Right-click the first row of the table and select&nbsp;<strong>Table Properties<\/strong>. The&nbsp;<strong>Table Properties<\/strong>&nbsp;dialog box appears.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>On the&nbsp;<strong>Row<\/strong>&nbsp;tab, ensure&nbsp;<strong>Repeat as header row at the top of each page<\/strong>&nbsp;is selected. Click&nbsp;<strong>OK<\/strong>.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Table headers are ignored when &#8216;Repeat as header row at the top of each page&#8217; is not selected.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"332\" height=\"180\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-9.png?resize=332%2C180&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Microsoft Word screen capture with the table properties menu open and the 'Repeat as header row at the top of each page' is enabled. \" class=\"wp-image-8391\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-9.png?w=332&amp;ssl=1 332w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-9.png?resize=300%2C163&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 332px) 100vw, 332px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Repeat these steps for all tables in the document.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Save<\/strong>&nbsp;the document.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" id=\"AC-9\" style=\"background-color:#fcbc00;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">The document is scanned but not OCRed.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fcbd006e;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">Impact of this issue<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is a critical issue. Scanned documents are created when a paper-based document, often already printed, is digitised using a scanner. The scanning process essentially takes a picture of every page and bundles it together into a PDF or other format. While the content will look like text, it&#8217;s just an image of the text. The file then contains no metadata, which makes the file very difficult to navigate, to search, and to interact with using assistive technologies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" style=\"background-color:#20fc004f;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">How to fix (access to the file)<\/h4>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-large is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-12-1024x588.png?resize=408%2C234&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Adobe Acrobat screen capture highlighting the tagging icon in the accessibility tool. \" class=\"wp-image-8397\" width=\"408\" height=\"234\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-12.png?resize=1024%2C588&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-12.png?resize=300%2C172&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-12.png?resize=768%2C441&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-12.png?w=1030&amp;ssl=1 1030w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 408px) 100vw, 408px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Select the <strong>View <\/strong>menu from the file toolbar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select the <strong>Tools <\/strong>menu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Open the <strong>Accessibility <\/strong>tool.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select the <strong>Tags<\/strong> toolbar to open the document tagging panel. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If <strong>No Tags available<\/strong> is displayed, right-click and select <strong>Create Tags Root<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Right-click the <strong>Tags <\/strong>root and select <strong>New Tag <\/strong>to begin tagging your document.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select the type you want to create, headings, paragraphs and, figures are common tagging types.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/helpx.adobe.com\/uk\/acrobat\/using\/editing-document-structure-content-tags.html\">Tagging a PDF<\/a> is time-consuming and difficult to do accurately, it is often a better use of time to find a HTML equivalent of the learning resource. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" style=\"background-color:#20fc004f;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">How to fix (No access to the file)<\/h4>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/10\/image-4.png?resize=200%2C385&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"The Blackboard accessibility referencing option.  \" class=\"wp-image-8378\" width=\"200\" height=\"385\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Select the <strong>accessible file indicator <\/strong>to open the remediation panel in Blackboard or open the file through the <strong>Blackboard accessibility summary<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select the <strong>How to tag a PDF<\/strong> button. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select <strong>Yes<\/strong> to the &#8216;can you provide a bibliographic reference instead?&#8217; question. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Populate the bibliographic information, to references to digital version of the file. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select the <strong>Add reference <\/strong>button to save this information.  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-default\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" id=\"AC-10\" style=\"background-color:#fcbc00;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\"> The HTML content contains text with insufficient contrast.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fcbd006e;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">Impact of this issue<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Colour contrast is the difference in brightness between the text colour and its background. Sufficient contrast is necessary to ensure readability of the text. In HTML content this can often be changed immediately within the WYSIWYG editor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-background\" style=\"background-color:#20fc004f;font-style:normal;font-weight:700\">How to fix<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Select the <strong>accessible file indicator <\/strong>to open the remediation panel in Blackboard or open the content item through the <strong>Blackboard accessibility summary<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Check the live file preview to identify the text fragments with insufficient contrast. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Apply one of the recommended colours from the remediation panel.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If applicable to all your text fragments check the <strong>Apply to all occurrences<\/strong> checkbox.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select <strong>Apply<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Repeat these steps for any other content items with the same issue.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"755\" height=\"397\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/11\/image-1024x538.png?resize=755%2C397&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"The remediation panel shows the live preview of text fragments but insufficient contrast and recommends colours with good colour contrast as a replacement.\" class=\"wp-image-8412\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/11\/image.png?resize=1024%2C538&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/11\/image.png?resize=300%2C158&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/11\/image.png?resize=768%2C403&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/11\/image.png?resize=1536%2C807&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/321\/2023\/11\/image.png?w=1801&amp;ssl=1 1801w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 755px) 100vw, 755px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Don&#8217;t see your accessibility issue listed? <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If your accessibility issue is not listed, let me know in the comments and I&#8217;ll update the guide. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Using Blackboard Ally, it is easy to identify and fix accessibility issues. Especially when following the guidence within the remediation panel to resolving accessibility issues. Whether the issue is colour contrast, missing alternative text or requiring a heading structure, the<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4953,"featured_media":8385,"parent":1539,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-8367","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Blackboard Remediation Station - Digital Learning<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Welcome Ranger! The remediation station is a one stop shop of how to fix common Blackboard accessibility issues with worked examples.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/generic.wordpress.soton.ac.uk\/digital-learning\/technologies\/blackboard-accessibility-remediation-station\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Blackboard Remediation Station - Digital Learning\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Welcome Ranger! 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