Bringing everyone on board

Effective digital inclusion is key to achieving the goal of every adult in Britain having a Britizen account and score. Digital inclusion is also fundamental to the government’s UK Digital Strategy (HM Government, 2017). Digital literacy and digital equality are more complex than having physical access to hardware, an Internet connection and some basic training.

Digital Literacy

Martin and Grudzieki (2006) describe digital literacy as the “awareness, attitude and ability of individuals to properly use digital tools and facilities”. At the most basic level people need to be aware of the existence and how to gain access to media to be able to use it. If they do not perceive digital media to be useful, or are concerned about it having a negative impact they may choose not to use it. Such people can be described as digital refusers; their attitude may seem deviant to others who see digital activity as a core part of life.

Eshet-Akalai (2004)suggest that that digital literacy can be broken down into a set of five skills or abilities: photovisual, reproduction, branching/hypermedia, information and socio-emotional.

The Basic Digital Skills UK Report 2015 (IPSO MORI, 2015) describes a more applied set of ‘basic’ digital skills: managing information, communicating, transacting, creating and problem solving.

Digital Literacy is not only an educational issue; it is closely tied to digital inequality.

Digital Inequality

The UK Digital Strategy suggests that there are four main barriers to digital inclusion, described as

  • “access: the ability to connect to the internet and go online
  • skills: the ability to use the internet and online services
  • confidence: a fear of crime, lack of trust or not knowing where to start online
  • motivation: understanding why using the internet is relevant and helpful”

Prensky (2001) described a fundamental difference in attitude and digital competence between Digital Natives who grew up using the Web, and Digital Immigrants who had to learn to use the Web as adults. Sixteen years later the proportion of Digital Natives in the adult population is much higher, and many ‘Digital Immigrants’ are much more competent, having been using the Web for fifteen to twenty years.

IPSO MORI’s research identified populations in differing geographic locations, social groups and age ranges with weaker and stronger ‘digital skills’. The results from this research will inform Britizen into sectors of society who may need extra encouragement and support as well as material access to be able to use Britzen. IPSO MORI do identify a reduction in digital skills in the population aged over 45 (many of whom are Digital Immigrants); but there is a much greater drop between those aged 65+ and the 45+ group.

Britizen and digital inclusion

It is beyond the scope of Britizen to solve the problems of digital literacy and digital inequality.

However, the platform can contribute by

Personas and Use Case Scenarios include users at risk of digital exclusion

The Britizen logo design is intended to appeal as widely as possible.

 

References

Eshet-Alkalai, Y., 2004. Digital Literacy: A Conceptual Framework for Survival Skills in the Digital Era – ProQuest. Proquest 13, 93–106.

HM Government, 2017. UK Digital Strategy – GOV.UK [WWW Document]. GOV.UK. URL https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/uk-digital-strategy (accessed 4.14.17).

IPSO MORI, 2015. Basic Digital Skills UK Report 2015 | Publications | Digital Birmingham [WWW Document]. URL http://digitalbirmingham.co.uk/publication/2313/ (accessed 4.14.17).

Martin, A., Grudziecki, J., 2006. DigEuLit: Concepts and Tools for Digital Literacy Development: Innovation in Teaching and Learning in Information and Computer Sciences: Vol 5, No 4 [WWW Document]. URL http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.11120/ital.2006.05040249 (accessed 4.14.17).

Prensky, M., 2001. Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants – A new Way to Look At Ourselves and Our Kids. Horiz. 9.

Early Network Growth

HM Government’s target is for all British Citizens aged 15 years and above to have a Britizen account; and for as many of these accounts as possible to be used regularly. Participation will be voluntary initially; the government’s intention is that the platform has become ubiquitous before participation is made compulsory.

This post outlines how the number of Britizen users, speed of adoption and continued use of the platform will be facilitated.

Value Proposition

A value proposition is an innovation, service or feature intended to make a product or company attractive to customers. A value proposition shows how the product solves customer problems; improves their situation; or offers specific benefits.

Like Sesame Credit, Britizen offers tangible benefits to members which increase with their Britizen score. These benefits are designed to nudge or encourage members to support British values, promote trust and create a better society. Trust is encouraged by both rewarding trustworthy behaviour and allowing third parties to use an individuals’ credit score to assess them. Initial benefits are designed to appeal to a broad section of the population, and include tax reduction, priority in government housing, and discount vouchers for British services.

At a time of increasing concern about globalisation, using Britizen is a practical way people can demonstrate support for British values, culture, innovation and business.

Rogers Adoption Criteria

Rogers Diffusion of Innovations (Rogers, 1983) defined five criteria material to the adoption of new ideas and products: relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability and observability.

These factors have been considered when determining the requirements and design of Britizen, to help ensure consumers are willing to try the platform.

Relative advantage: is outlined in the value proposition. Britizen will return most surplus profit to members in the form of tiered benefits with broad appeal. Tax benefits are targeted to better off users; priority on government housing waiting lists appeals to ‘strivers’ struggling to afford a home in modern Britain. As Britizen matures business sponsors and advertisers will be encouraged to extend the user benefits with special offers, discounts and tokens with appeal to a broad spectrum of users. This contrasts with the approach of private corporations; which are operated for profit.

Compatibility: Britizen will contain the features familiar to online social network users.

Complexity: Britizen will be intuitive and simple to use on a wide variety of devices.

Trialability: there is no charge to use Britizen; the only requirement is to have a valid National Insurance number.

Observability: Initially advertising and other marketing techniques will be used to make people aware of Britizen. The gamification component of Britizen scores will encourage people to discuss and compare their scores; users will be motivated to encourage others to sign up to enhance their own score. Early sponsors will be carefully chosen visionary and imaginative businesses who will produce exciting, attractive materials which make the site more attractive and appealing. Influential users will be identified a encouraged to encourage others to join.

 

Rogers Adoption Model

Rogers defines five categories of user over the product lifetime: innovators, early adopters, early majority, late majority and laggards. At this stage, the focus is from start up to a majority of the UK population using Britizen.

Sponsors will be selected to appeal to the type of user likely to join at each stage. Celebrity endorsement will be used to appeal to different user categories; network analysis will be used to identify less public members who are likely to be influential; those with high degree centrality, nodal betweenness and/or occupy structural holes. These members will be targeted to encourage others to join.

Mavens, Connectors and Salespeople

Gladwell’s Tipping Point (Gladwell, 2000) describes the importance of three different groups of people in influencing the spread of behaviour, which he calls Mavens, Connectors and Salespeople.

Mavens are known and respected for having expertise in specialised areas which they are willing to share. Martin Lewis’ Money Saving Expert[1] is an example of an influential British website highly respected for its specialised knowledge in how to save money. Information and advice about the benefits of Britizen from this site will help generate visibility and trust as well as providing encouragement to join Britizen.

Connectors are particularly valuable because they have connections to many people and often act as bridges between groups or clusters in social networks. Their ability to bridge groups is also important in spreading Britizen widely throughout the population.

Salespeople (also known as evangelists) have the skills to persuade people and convince people to action.

Not all mavens, connectors and salespeople act in professional or paid capacities.  Network analysis of the Britizen graph will be used to identify members who are likely to be influential; those with high degree centrality, nodal betweenness and/or occupy structural holes. These members will be specifically encouraged to persuade others to join Britizen.

Network effects (Direct, Cross & Indirect)

Direct Network Effect: The value of an online social network increases with the number of members; the higher percentage of an individual’s contacts using the network the more useful it is to that person. There tends to be a critical mass or ‘tipping point’ (Gladwell, 2000) of membership beyond which membership increases rapidly in a similar way to an epidemic. Once a network achieves ubiquity there is pressure for laggards to join to avoid being left out.

Cross Network Effect: occurs when a rise in one group of users makes the network more valuable for another group of users. For Britizen there is a symbiotic relationship between users and sponsors/advertisers. The sponsors and advertisers benefit directly from a larger user base. The benefits available to users will increase as the revenue generated from sponsors and advertisers increases. This is covered in more detail in my post about the Britizen Revenue Model.

Indirect Network Effect: is generated when third parties create complementary goods. This process is helped by having a reliable Application Programming Interface (API) and publishing easily useable ‘five star’ open data [2]. Third parties are more likely to be interested in developing related products once Britizen has an established user base.

Marketing Campaign

A carefully focussed marketing and advertising campaign will be used to:

  • foster the rapid initial adoption of Britizen until the tipping point is reached
  • maximise the opportunities afforded by the influencers outlined above
  • target groups of the population where uptake is relatively low
  • market the benefits of sponsoring Britizen to British businesses

 

References

Gladwell, M., 2000. The Tipping Point. Little, Brown and Company.

Rogers, E.M., 1983. Diffusion of Innovations, 3rd ed. Collier Macmillan, New York.

 

[1] www.moneysavingexpert.com

[2] http://5stardata.info/en/